第12节

    【】thesaparallelisaybeobservedinthechou

    periodpregthefirstcythediagrathechoudynasty,ed

    thefirstbloofeseculture,lastedofficially900years,beginningintheyear

    1122b.c.afterthefirstfourhundredandfiftyyearsofparativepead

    expansioninsidea,thecapitalovedeastothe

    northong

    thekingdo,entsteadily

    1axtureofeseandjapaneseblood,thoughveryrare,hasalreadyproduced

    theotehyese,koxinga,agoodgeneral,carryingonalosing

    caaignagainstthenchus,andsunshu,adelicatepoetinthebeginningof

    thepreseury.

    時jnationalexpansion

    g1”unification,peace,prosperity

    ~ent

    ir

    籢secessionandrivalry

    jf1bethandsouth

    northeinvasion

    .i

    v~

    11

    jl

    o.5

    i

    i

    zoob..

    100zoo300400.0

    600

    .

    stha

    dynasties

    221b.c.a.d,588

    c.830years

    enat.onaexpansion

    i.unifie,prosper.

    secessionflndrk

    ationpeace,prosper.ty.fbethandsouth

    lturaldevelopntb,.rbo,rt..a1snortheinvasion

    7oos
    hooi20o1300

    jktanghnorthsung~souths玭
    sendle

    5891367

    0.780years

    untryandpeople

    zjnationalexpansion

    i”unification,peace,prosperity

    tent

    ii

    ngjjg

    dele

    1368tothepresent

    losingitsntroloverthefeudallivingustheckiu

    periodofnfuciusannals722481b.dthelater

    kuoperiodortheperiodofthe”s”

    402221b.c.hstaendingitsterritory

    tovirtuallythehepartofthethencivilized

    a.thelosedhtheand

    reunificationoftheribehastrong

    xtureofbarbarianbloodandfncusto,ledbythe

    greateeror.

    fair.

    overpopulation,snatureberegularlyreachedinfourorfivehundred

    yearsofpeaportantfaultureinanyuntryin

    theohistory,andthereisnoreason

    sto

    offeranotherobviousexplanation.thereoralfibrereflectedin

    poetryandliteratureduringtheseperiodsofnortheandsouthesecessionand

    rivalry,asalreadyseeninthepoequotedaboveinthischapter.theperiodof

    northeinvasioninthefirstle,thesocalled

    sixdynasties,froastetotheunificationofaundersui,duringh

    northongoldynasty

    inclusive,seeohaverrespondedinacyoflivingand

    deceofliterarystyle,thefirstperiodnotedforitsartificialandfloweryssuliu

    euphuistiiintalpoetry.oneobserves,

    infaotapaucitybutanoverabundaotheirfi

    nuanellofthesoil,butthedet,cultivated,superrefined

    flavourofurtperfu.theeseshoainfiicledelightinthe

    soundsoferefiinliteraryandartistiritidin

    aristohabitsofliving.

    foritheseperiodsthatpaintingandcalligraphyflourished,andaristo

    faliesroseaablishedtheelvestocarryoistictradition.ese

    literaryisirstbesciousofitselfinthesixdynasties,andwang

    hsichih,thefirstaestcalligraphist,ily,

    livedinthisperiod.politicalehohartistic

    refi,andsoutheaheseperiodsbykings

    keeptheirthronessecurebutuldeexquisiteverse.suchrulerpoetswereliang

    kingsofextrelyshortlived

    dynastiesandperorhuigofthesouthe

    sungdynastyedpainter.

    yetitfortheracialrevivalhe

    northenquerorsreinednquerorsonlyinofficialpohesubstrata

    reiningese.thegreatnorthey,hesienpei

    raarriedhtheese.

    sosinthesungdynastylargelyese.

    aferntingprocessurally,theseperiodswereperiodsof

    perationninfluenandindiansculptureinthe

    endofthefirstongoldraandsithatofthesendle.the

    ixtureisperhapstobefoundinthelinguistid

    physiodenortheese,\vithalteredtonesandhardened

    nsonantsinthelanguage,andatallerstatureandagayrustichuurinthepeople.

    italgationnbloodthatatedfor,teextent,the

    raceslongsurvival.

    iv.culturalstability

    yetthisdoesnotexplainall.thequestionreinshohenation

    t

    ...